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NARCOTIC SUPERHIGHWAYS: THE TOP 5 ROUTES FOR DRUG TRAFFICKING
http://hetq.am/eng/news/23813/narcotic-superhighways-the-top-5-routes-for-drug-trafficking.html
15:37, February 25, 2013
1. "The Balkan Route": Afghanistan -> Iran -> Turkey -> Southeast
Europe -> Western Europe (Heroin, 105 metric tons)
Of the 105 metric tons that embarks on this route, only 37%, ends
up in Europe. The rest is diverted from Iran to the Caucauses, or
toward Africa.
Trends in heroin use indicate that the flow along this route is
declining, as more of the supply flows toward the coastal markets of
Africa. The number of heroin users in Africa increased by 54% between
2004 and 2008, according to the UNODC, which fears that a rise in IV
drug use there could worsen an already severe HIV/AIDS epidemic.
2. "The Southern Route": Afghanistan -> Pakistan -> SE Asia (Heroin,
150 metric tons)
Afghanistan supplies 80 percent of the world's opium, and thus, 80
percent of its heroin. Almost half the opium cultivated in Afghanistan
is trafficked through Pakistan, but Pakistan itself has few heroin
users. The country tends to stick to funneling the drug through its
territory, reaping the cash rewards of that trade.
Pakistani traffickers operate a number of direct air (and sea)
trafficking routes to Europe, according to the UNODC, mostly to the
United Kingdom and the Netherlands.
3. "The Northern Route": Afghanistan -> Central Asia -> Russia ->
Western Europe (95 tons)
The largest national market for Afghan heroin is the Russian
Federation, and that market has rapidly expanded since the dissolution
of the Soviet Union. Reports indicate that Russia is there heroin is
now doing its worst damage, including through the spread of HIV.
4. Andean region -> Europe (Cocaine, 60 metric tons)
Although cocaine use appears to be growing in developing countries,
the vast bulk of the production is destined for two major overseas
markets: North America (6.2 million users in 2008) and Europe (4 to
5 million users).
5. Andean region -> USA (Cocaine, 140 metric tons)
North America accounted for more than 40 percent of global cocaine
consumption in 2007 and 2008, while the countries in the EU and
European Free Trade Association accounted for over 25 percent of
consumption.
https://reportingproject.net/occrp/index.php/en/component/content/article/16-other-articles/1843-narcotic-superhighways-the-top-5-routes-for-drug-trafficking
http://hetq.am/eng/news/23813/narcotic-superhighways-the-top-5-routes-for-drug-trafficking.html
15:37, February 25, 2013
1. "The Balkan Route": Afghanistan -> Iran -> Turkey -> Southeast
Europe -> Western Europe (Heroin, 105 metric tons)
Of the 105 metric tons that embarks on this route, only 37%, ends
up in Europe. The rest is diverted from Iran to the Caucauses, or
toward Africa.
Trends in heroin use indicate that the flow along this route is
declining, as more of the supply flows toward the coastal markets of
Africa. The number of heroin users in Africa increased by 54% between
2004 and 2008, according to the UNODC, which fears that a rise in IV
drug use there could worsen an already severe HIV/AIDS epidemic.
2. "The Southern Route": Afghanistan -> Pakistan -> SE Asia (Heroin,
150 metric tons)
Afghanistan supplies 80 percent of the world's opium, and thus, 80
percent of its heroin. Almost half the opium cultivated in Afghanistan
is trafficked through Pakistan, but Pakistan itself has few heroin
users. The country tends to stick to funneling the drug through its
territory, reaping the cash rewards of that trade.
Pakistani traffickers operate a number of direct air (and sea)
trafficking routes to Europe, according to the UNODC, mostly to the
United Kingdom and the Netherlands.
3. "The Northern Route": Afghanistan -> Central Asia -> Russia ->
Western Europe (95 tons)
The largest national market for Afghan heroin is the Russian
Federation, and that market has rapidly expanded since the dissolution
of the Soviet Union. Reports indicate that Russia is there heroin is
now doing its worst damage, including through the spread of HIV.
4. Andean region -> Europe (Cocaine, 60 metric tons)
Although cocaine use appears to be growing in developing countries,
the vast bulk of the production is destined for two major overseas
markets: North America (6.2 million users in 2008) and Europe (4 to
5 million users).
5. Andean region -> USA (Cocaine, 140 metric tons)
North America accounted for more than 40 percent of global cocaine
consumption in 2007 and 2008, while the countries in the EU and
European Free Trade Association accounted for over 25 percent of
consumption.
https://reportingproject.net/occrp/index.php/en/component/content/article/16-other-articles/1843-narcotic-superhighways-the-top-5-routes-for-drug-trafficking