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  • "Russian authorities are doing all possible for not being loved, bu

    Regnum, Russia
    Nov 4 2006

    "Russian authorities are doing all possible for not being loved, but
    Americans do it better": Azeri press digest

    Azerbaijan-Russia

    Excerpts from the interview of political expert Arif Yunusov to
    Day.Az:

    "How big is Russia's influence on Azerbaijan, today?"

    I think that, today, the Americans have a bit bigger influence in
    Azerbaijan. True, in the first two years of Ilham Aliyev's rule,
    their influence was much bigger, but in the last months Russia has
    become much more active.

    The local media were right when they said that the Oct 2005 arrest of
    the pro-western economic development minister Farhad Aliyev - who was
    seen by many as Azeri Yushchenko or Saakashvili - was, undoubtedly,
    the work of Russia, more precisely, its special services. It was
    Russia's biggest victory over the US in Azerbaijan in the last years.

    Besides, there are pro-Russian men in Ilham Aliyev's team. Many of
    them have businesses in Russia and can be used for pressure on
    Azerbaijan. There are also Azeri emigrants. They also suffered from
    the Russian-Georgian crisis, and, if there is a Russian-Azeri crisis,
    their factor may play an even more serious role.

    There is one more trump in Russia's hands: growing disappointment
    with the US' policy in Azerbaijan. The anti-American moods are
    getting so strong that even the Americans are beginning to notice it.

    And what do our citizens say most often? What they say, in general,
    is: "Russia never says that it wants to build democracy here. It
    admits that it has its own interests in the region and wants to
    restore its influence in Azerbaijan. Russia is not hypocritical. As
    regards the Americans, they keep saying that the only thing they are
    thinking about is to build democracy in Azerbaijan, but, in fact, the
    only thing they are thinking about is how to get our oil and how to
    use our territory against Muslims."

    That's why Russia's authority in Azerbaijan is growing despite its
    policy in the country. By their clumsy actions in the region, the
    Russian authorities are doing all possible for not being loved, but
    there are Americans who do it better. (Day.Az)

    The Azeri office of the Russian Caucasian Institute of Democracy has
    organized in Baku a roundtable "Energy Security of Azerbaijan: Pluses
    and Minuses of Cooperation with Russia." Independent energy expert
    Ilya Zaslavsky, oil and gas expert Georgy Nozadze and employee of the
    Center for CIS Studies of Moscow State University Alexander Karavayev
    took part in the event. Karavayev stressed the priority of politics
    in the Russian-Azeri energy cooperation. He also spoke about the rise
    in the Russian gas prices. He believes that "the gas weapon Russia is
    trying to use is not giving it the expected results." Azerbaijan is
    equal to Russia as it has its own energy resources and means of their
    transportation. "I don't think that Russia can pressure Azerbaijan by
    means of energy as Azerbaijan's energy security is beyond any
    pressures and threats. Georgia and Armenia are a different story -
    they seriously depend on Russia's energy," Karavayev said.

    In his turn, the chairman of the Azeri National Public Committee on
    Integration Ilgar Mamedov noted that Azerbaijan will gain from a new
    rise in the Russian gas prices. "The point is that, after the first
    rise, some partners, particularly, they in Armenia were strongly
    displeased, and some local forces have already turned their eyes
    westwards. If Russia does it again, Armenia will get even farther
    from it, and this will serve our interests in the Nagorno-Karabakh
    problem. In any case, new rise will not affect Azerbaijan's energy
    security," Mamedov said. The director of the Center for Political
    Innovation and Technologies Mubariz Ahmedoglu noted that if Russia
    continues its energy blockade of Georgia, Azerbaijan will support its
    neighbor and will partly cover Georgia's gas demand. "In terms of
    energy security, it would be better for us if Russia more tightly
    cooperated with Turkey."

    Political expert Arif Yunusov agreed that the Azeri-Russian energy
    cooperation is more dependent on politics than on economy. "It seems
    to me that Russia has no clear energy policy. Yes, after the rise in
    the gas prices, they in Russia were in some kind of euphoria over
    Ukraine. However, the rise has also affected their strategic partners
    - Belarus and Armenia - and this factor should make them anxious.

    Russia has no clear energy policy, while we would like to clearly
    know the energy priorities and goals of our neighbor, as energy
    security depends on a complex of geo-political factors." (Echo)

    Zerkalo says: "The strengthening of Russian-Armenian relations cannot
    but influence the foreign policy of Azerbaijan. Until recently, there
    has been a kind of status quo - a basic level - in Azeri-Russian
    relations. But now that Moscow and Yerevan are coming increasingly
    closer, Baku may turn its face towards the West, especially as all
    this is happening before Ilham Aliyev's visit to the NATO
    headquarters in Brussels.

    It should also be noted that NATO Special Representative for the
    South Caucasus Robert Simmons visited Baku quite recently. He openly
    asked the Azeri leadership to clearly formulate their foreign policy
    but received no answer. During the final press-conference he said
    that in early Nov they in Brussels will give answers to all the
    questions Azerbaijan is worried about.

    If these answers are given and satisfy Baku, a new balance of forces
    may take shape in the region in the near future - a pro-western
    US-backed Azerbaijan-Georgia tandem that will oppose Russia-Armenia.

    If this happens, Azerbaijan may change its present position
    concerning the application of sanctions against Iran.

    But there is one more scenario. In early Nov Ilham Aliyev is to go to
    Moscow. Against the background of strengthening Russian-Armenian
    relations, Vladimir Putin will have to offer Azerbaijan something
    that would keep Baku away from NATO. This offer should not be
    categorical and will hardly concern the Nagorno-Karabakh peace
    process. Russia has proved that Armenia is closer to it; so, it will
    hardly offer Azerbaijan anything profitable on Nagorno-Karabakh.

    (Zerkalo)

    Geo-politics

    " They in Moscow and Washington think it possible that, in order to
    dot all i's in their big geo-political game in the South Caucasus,
    they will have to play for a government change during the coming
    elections in Armenia and Azerbaijan. This is almost a foul play - a
    play where they may lose much if not all - at least, for some time.

    And this loss will endanger the geo-political interests of both the
    West and Russia. So, the sides are trying to agree and to start
    rivaling in "a more civilized manner." In fact, this second scenario
    may result in agreements on the Armenian-Azeri conflict," says
    Zerkalo.

    "First, it will allow to avoid serious geo-political confrontation in
    the region - which is good for both the West and Russia. They in the
    Kremlin perfectly realize that, even with its huge oil export
    incomes, Russia will not be able to confront the West and, first of
    all, the US. If it tries to, it will have to become a fully "close
    society," like it was in the Soviet times. This may result in an
    "all-national default." And so, we can see that the Russian officials
    are beginning to change their tone concerning Georgia.

    Heavily dependent on Russian fuel, the West too would not like to use
    "stick" against Russia.

    Second, if Russia guarantees peace agreements in Nagorno-Karabakh, it
    will gain, at least, temporary political influence in the region.

    Geo-politically, Russia does not care much for who Nagorno-Karabakh
    will belong to, but this will be a good chance for it to "show its
    adherence" to the peaceful resolution of territorial-ethnic conflicts
    in the CIS and, thereby, to gain wider room for maneuver when it is
    time to settle the conflicts in Abkhazia or South Ossetia - the
    conflicts Russia does care for.

    Third, via Azerbaijan Russia will get something it has lost after its
    crisis with Georgia - a stable land corridor to Armenia, Iran and
    farther Turkey. Besides, Russia will be able to preserve its big
    military contingent in Armenia (which is now in almost total
    blockade) and to argue that it is expedient from military-political
    point of view.

    For the West, the resolution of the Armenian-Azeri conflict will be a
    chance to launch a massive political-economic intervention into all
    the South Caucasian countries, first of all, into Armenia, which has
    dropped out of the regional integration because of being rope-tied
    with Russia. Western analysts say that 3-5 years of massive
    political-economic intervention will be enough for irreversibly
    turning all the South Caucasian states in Euro-Atlantic direction.

    That is, Russia will still have to leave the South Caucasus, but it
    will do it gradually, will get some political-economic preferences
    for that and, most importantly, will avoid serious cataclysms and
    will save its face. Some Western experts believe that Russia's
    involvement in serious internal political cataclysms in the South
    Caucasus may seriously impede the region's Euro-Atlantic integration.

    So, what we are witnessing, today, may well be a sophisticated
    diplomatic game leading to a "conspiracy" between Russia and the West
    for resolving the Armenian-Azeri conflict and for preserving the
    present internal political status quo in both Armenia and Azerbaijan.

    That's why the western co-chairs of the OSCE MG have repeatedly
    hinted that it would be much easier for the Armenian and Azeri
    authorities if they resolved the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict before the
    elections in their countries. (Zerkalo)

    Azerbaijan-Armenia. Nagorno-Karabakh problem

    Zerkalo

    says: "As regards the discussion of frozen conflicts at the UN
    General Assembly, Azerbaijan seems not to be in a hurry. Unlike the
    Georgian and Moldavian conflicts, the resolution of the
    Armenian-Azeri conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh is in the center of the
    international mediators' attention. In their public statements the
    sides openly say that they may reach some agreements by the end of
    this year or, perhaps, in early 2007. That's why, Baku should not
    insist on the UN GA's discussing this problem before the current
    stage is over.

    Especially now that Azeri FM Elmar Mamedyarov has said that the new
    proposals of the OSCE MG are acceptable for Azerbaijan, in principle.

    Mamedyarov's words suggest that the co-chairs are waiting for
    Armenia's official reaction to their proposals. If the sides agree,
    the discussion at the UN GA will become unnecessary. If they don't.

    Baku may demand it almost throughout next year - till Sept inclusive.

    Besides, if the current round of the peace talks fails, Baku may
    insist that the UN GA adopt very tough formulas against Armenia -
    which is quite in line with Ilham Aliyev's recent statements about
    possible revision of the settlement strategy.

    Political expert Ilgar Mamedov comments on the last developments in
    the Nagorno-Karabakh negotiating process in an interview to Echo:

    "If the position of the Azeri leadership remains unchanged - i.e. the
    position formulated and repeatedly expressed by the Azeri President:
    Azerbaijan will never accept a scenario for alienating
    Nagorno-Karabakh from its territory - all scenarios for resolving the
    Armenian-Azerbaijan conflict are acceptable and possible. All those
    package, phased, package-phased scenarios are just setting. The main
    question is who Nagorno-Karabakh will belong to after final
    resolution.

    However, for many years already Baku has been insisting on phased
    scenario, while Yerevan says the conflict can be resolved only in
    package...

    You may as well find some package agreement that will be acceptable
    for Azerbaijan and quite unacceptable for Armenia. All this talk
    about package or phased resolution is just a propaganda wave for
    know-nothings. The opinion that for Azerbaijan any phased scenario is
    better than any package one is nonsense. For example, a package
    agreement may say that Nagorno-Karabakh is a sovereign territory.

    Isn't it good for us?!

    The Armenian FM says that Yerevan will discuss the question of
    territories only after the status of Nagorno-Karabakh is specified?

    It is just a new version of the well-known Armenian position. Still,
    it seems a bit softer than the previous one. To wait for the status
    to be specified is one thing and to insist that Nagorno-Karabakh
    cannot be part of Azerbaijan is a quite another thing. It seems the
    Armenians have slightly softened their position. They may be doing
    this for getting dividends during their coming parliamentary
    elections.

    Recently the Armenian and Azeri FMs have been intensively meeting
    even though earlier the Armenian FM refused to meet pointblank. Why
    are they meeting so intensively?

    I am inclined to think that the sides are being pressured into
    meeting. However, there is also the factor of the next year's
    parliamentary elections in Armenia. These are decisive elections, and
    the Armenian leaders would like to get support and indulgence from
    those who are pressuring and urging them on in the negotiating
    process. This offers interesting possibilities to Azerbaijan. We'll
    see how practicable they are.

    By the way, much has recently been talked about the military budget
    of Azerbaijan for 2007, which will be almost $1 billion and will be
    bigger than the whole budget of Armenia. At the same time, they in
    Yerevan and some local experts point to high corruption and other
    factors that will prevent Baku from really changing the situation in
    this direction...

    Even if they "eat" half of the allocations, the constantly growing
    remainder will create excellent conditions for Azerbaijan's military
    superiority. And this superiority will become a political factor.

    (Echo)

    Armenian Defense Minister Serzh Sargsyan believes that his Azeri
    counterpart also wants cease-fire. "He also wants the cease-fire
    regime not to be broken," Sargsyan told journalists, while commenting
    on his meeting with the Azeri DM. "Simply, we should realize that, if
    there are tens of thousands of armed people on both sides, some of
    them may shoot under certain circumstances. But we should see that
    those shoots not be deliberate and cause no big incidents," Sargsyan
    said. (Trend)

    Excerpts from the interview of Azeri FM Elmar Mamedyarov to Day.Az:

    "What can you say about the results of your meeting with the Armenian
    FM in France? What do you expect from the forthcoming meeting in
    Brussels?

    The meeting in Paris is already history. As you already know, the
    next meeting will take place in Brussels on Nov 14. On that day
    Azerbaijan, Georgia and Armenia are to sign with the EU their New
    European Policy action plans. We are going to meet before the signing
    to discuss the new proposals and ideas put forward by the OSCE MG
    co-chairs in Moscow.

    Can you tell what those proposals are about?

    It is early to do it yet. Shortly speaking, we touched on 1-2 moments
    from the existing 8-9 elements and found it really hard to say if
    there was any progress. During the last meeting in Moscow the
    co-chairs presented some new ideas. We considered them and saw that
    there might be some chance for us to work in this direction.

    Presently, we are analyzing them and it seems we can work on them.

    However, this is not a one-way process. We are also considering the
    opinion of the opposite camp. As a result, we should decide in what
    direction we should continue our work."
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